Socrate e la conoscenza di sé
The paper delves into the concept of Socratic self-knowledge, its philosophical significance and contemporary relevance, starting with a preliminary discussion on the difficulty of applying the modern notion of authenticity to ancient thought, where the individual was inseparable from their role wit...
Tallennettuna:
| Julkaisussa: | URI:https://journals.openedition.org/tp, |
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| Päätekijä: | |
| Aineistotyyppi: | Article ou chapitre numérique |
| Kieli: | Italien |
| Julkaistu: |
Teoria politica
2026
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| Aiheet: | |
| Linkit: | Accès Université d'Orléans et IFPM |
| Yhteenveto: | The paper delves into the concept of Socratic self-knowledge, its philosophical significance and contemporary relevance, starting with a preliminary discussion on the difficulty of applying the modern notion of authenticity to ancient thought, where the individual was inseparable from their role within the community.First, I trace the evolution of the Delphic maxim «know thyself» from the emphasis on recognizing human limitations in relation to the divine to Socrates transforming it (in Alcibiades I) into an invitation to examine one’s soul, and so conceiving self-knowledge as inseparable from moral care and the pursuit of a good life (eu zen). The fact that dialogue is the fundamental tool for stimulating self-awareness highlights the relational nature of self-discovery, which requires interaction with others.Socrates’ authenticity is then explored through his unwavering coherence between words and actions, his frankness (parrhesia), and his rational ethics based on virtue and justice. Socrates distances himself from the modern notion of introspective authenticity, which often focuses on the individual’s inner depths. Instead, his approach is dialogical and relational, emphasizing the importance of engaging with others to understand oneself and act ethically. I conclude that Socratic self-knowledge represents an enduring ideal of authentic living. Socrates challenges the pursuit of fame and superficial values, advocating for a life guided by justice and virtue. This kind of authenticity counters the modern risks of extreme individualism, narcissism, and antidemocratic tendencies, offering a model of self-awareness rooted in communal relationships and ethical responsibility. By inviting individuals to reflect on their capacities and their role within the polis, Socrates’ teachings remain a powerful call to cultivate relational self-knowledge and contribute to the common good. His legacy underscores the importance of dialogue, introspection, and moral commitment in fostering a balanced and authentic life. |
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