Diachronie et aménagement de l’amazighe
The present paper deals with some methodological problems that have arisen to the authors during the elaboration of the Catalan-Amazigh / Amazigh-Catalan dictionary, in which geolectal variation of the Northern Amazigh diasystem is integrated in the norm ; the dictionary follows the compositional an...
Sábháilte in:
| Foilsithe in: | URI:https://journals.openedition.org/asinag, |
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| Príomhchruthaitheoir: | |
| Formáid: | Article ou chapitre numérique |
| Teanga: | Français |
| Foilsithe / Cruthaithe: |
Asinag
2024
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| Rochtain ar líne: | Accès Université d'Orléans et IFPM |
| Achoimre: | The present paper deals with some methodological problems that have arisen to the authors during the elaboration of the Catalan-Amazigh / Amazigh-Catalan dictionary, in which geolectal variation of the Northern Amazigh diasystem is integrated in the norm ; the dictionary follows the compositional and plural pattern of standardization. As most of the solutions proposed for these problems are grounded on diachronic and comparative criteria, a theoretical framework of language planning is set up applied to Amazigh standardization in which diachronic issues are no more a complementary aide but provide relevant principles in the stages of selection, codification and elaboration. After exemplifying some phonological processes such as « phonemic merger », « phonemic split », « lenition », « debuccalization » and « spirantization » with Amazigh lexical data across its entirely dialectal cluster, on one hand the feeble place of comparatism in Amazigh linguistics is reported and, on the other hand, a claim for an organic integration of diachrony in linguistic analysis is argued, as well as the overcoming of the disturbing dichotomies that have deviated the mainstream linguistic approaches of the 20th century from the right path that the linguistic comunity as a whole is currently trying to rejoin.The core of the paper consists of four major phonological issues that get a satisfying solution when approached by diachronic criteria : (1) treatment of « emphatics » according to lexical root structure ; (2) placement of the Zenata group of dialects according to its distinctive features such as the retention of a phonemic opposition that non-Zenata dialects have lost, the absence of the prefixed vowel in the annexed state in singular names, the lost of paradigmatic opposition between aorist and perfective verbal stems, the presence of negative imperfective verbal stem and shared lexical and semantic innovations and retentions ; (3) adaptation of neological formations from Tuareg concerning vowels and consonants and (4) some cases of phonetic assimilations. In each chapter, a description account is followed by an application proposal, so that it becomes clear that description and prescription are the two sides of the same coin or, in other words, that no safe prescription in linguistic stardardization can be made without a previous and solid description, that should shift the arbitrary principles that have ruled most of the efforts devoted insofar to the standardization of Amazigh. |
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