État fasciste, antisémitisme et Shoah en Italie : les grands courants historiographiques
Fascist state, anti-Semitism and the Holocaust in Italy : major historiographic streamsThe fate of Italian Jews from 1938 to 1945 – a study case that for many years was hardly examined by historians, with the exception of pioneer works by Renzo de Felice, have become a subject of interest over the p...
Enregistré dans:
| Auteurs principaux: | , |
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| Format: | Article ou chapitre numérique |
| Langue: | Français |
| Publié: |
2008
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| Accès en ligne: | Accès Université d'Orléans et IFPM Accès Université d'Orléans et IFPM |
| Résumé: | Fascist state, anti-Semitism and the Holocaust in Italy : major historiographic streamsThe fate of Italian Jews from 1938 to 1945 – a study case that for many years was hardly examined by historians, with the exception of pioneer works by Renzo de Felice, have become a subject of interest over the past thirty years for both Italian and foreign intellectuals. This renewed interest is focused on the myth of Italiani brava gente (good-hearted Italians) which is studied with more skepticism than in the past, and convers the period which starts with the racial laws of 1938 and ends with the extermination of approximately 25% of the Jewish population in Italy between the years 1943 to 1945.After the war, the Anglo-Saxon allies set up an Italian ‘Nuremberg Trials’ that never took place. Moreover, the political purge of Fascists by the Italians themselves was stopped in 1946 : justice was never done. As a further example, the first trial of executioners from the San Sabba camp took place only in 1976 due to the fact that after the war, in the context of the start of the Cold War, the Western Allies did not want to embarrass De Gasperi’s government while many anti-Fascists wished to turn the page and rebuild the country. That is how the double myth of the Résistance and the Italiani brava gente, reinforcing each other, was a guarantee for the constitutional arrangement for many subsequent years after the war. The participation of Italians in the Holocaust was thus forgotten for several decades. |
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