Violence coloniale, violence de guerre, violence totalitaire
Colonial violence, war violence, totalitarian violenceThe conquest of Ethiopia was the only colonial enterprise overseas carried out by a totalitarian power. Miss-timed in history, it was a war of expansion taking place in a period when decolonization was already underway in several empires. Being a...
Enregistré dans:
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| Format: | Article ou chapitre numérique |
| Langue: | Français |
| Publié: |
2008
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| Accès en ligne: | Accès Université d'Orléans et IFPM Accès Université d'Orléans et IFPM |
| Résumé: | Colonial violence, war violence, totalitarian violenceThe conquest of Ethiopia was the only colonial enterprise overseas carried out by a totalitarian power. Miss-timed in history, it was a war of expansion taking place in a period when decolonization was already underway in several empires. Being a colonial war, it was also a national and total war due to the range of Italian mobilization on the military, political and ideological levels. The question remains : was it war of Fascism or a Fascist war ? This query is dealt with in the present article as seen through the prism of violence. The object is not so much to present an inventory of crimes and massacres perpetuated in Abyssinia – well-known thanks to the historiography of the last thirty years – but to examine the effects of the arbitrariness of Fascist totalitarianism and the “permanent exception” that was colonial rule. Already tested on a large scale by Fascism in Lybia and Somalia, the violence employed in Ethiopia was first a means, as in other colonial contexts, to cause submission and to dominate. However, in studying these administrative modalities from the top echelons of the state to the implementers, it seems that violence was not only a means, but also a value in itself. |
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