Invention et réinventions du mythe des « Sages de Sion ». De la « conspiration juive » au « complot sioniste mondial » dans le monde arabo-musulman
Fabricated by the Tsarist Okhrana, the anti-Semitic falsehood known under the name of the Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion notably reached its peak after 1917, in particular in the Western world. Correlated at the time with the Balfour Declaration (2 November 1917) and above all with the Bols...
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| Format: | Article ou chapitre numérique |
| Sprog: | Français |
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2004
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| Online adgang: | Accès Université d'Orléans et IFPM Accès Université d'Orléans et IFPM |
| Summary: | Fabricated by the Tsarist Okhrana, the anti-Semitic falsehood known
under the name of the Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion notably
reached its peak after 1917, in particular in the Western world. Correlated
at the time with the Balfour Declaration (2 November 1917) and above all
with the Bolshevik Revolution (7 November 1917), this falsehood acted as
a support for an unabashed and aberrant anti-Semitism, which in tum used
it to crystallise fear. It was this very belief in the notion of a plot, paradoxically reassuring in itself, which was thus able to assuage a world shaken
by the upheaval brought about by and ensuing from the Great War.
If after the Shoah, this anti-Semitic falsehood no longer found much
favour in the West, it was the Arab-Muslim world, where the Protocols had
already been translated as early as 1928, which would take up the baton.
The creation of the State of Israel in 1948 gave new impetus to the myth.
The demonisation of the Jewish State, which was widespread until 1967,
was exacerbated from this date onwards, marked by the Israeli victory in
the Six Day War. It seemed that the inconceivable victory of the Dhimmis
over their Arab masters had rekindled expressions of outrage against the
existence of a Jewish State, built up and led to victory by those who had
formerly been mere subjects, a victory that, what is more, had occurred on
land viewed exclusively as Arab-Muslim. The Protocols then served to
break up the preposterous Jewish victory, thereby avenging the ‘insult'
sustained and the notion of Arab power, until then held to ridicule, again
acquired meaning. In the 1990s, Islamic networks took over from an Arab
nationalism in a state of crisis. Propagated at the highest levels, the spreading of the falsehood gave rise to its appearance in countless reincarnations, which, extending from Beirut to Cairo and from the Persian Gulf to
Damascus and Baghdad, underlie a project that is almost genocidal in
nature, emerging against the backdrop of an indifferent world. |
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