Une affaire de familles. Le Mouvement national algérien (MNA) et son organisation durant la guerre d’indépendance algérienne en France
The Algerian War of Independence (1954-1962) was not just a struggle for national liberation. It was also a violent fratricidal conflict that unfolded in the metropole between two rival nationalist factions: the FLN (National Liberation Front) and the MNA (Algerian National Movement). The death toll...
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| フォーマット: | Article ou chapitre numérique |
| 言語: | Français |
| 出版事項: |
2024
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| 主題: | |
| オンライン･アクセス: | Accès Université d'Orléans et IFPM Accès Université d'Orléans et IFPM |
| 要約: | The Algerian War of Independence (1954-1962) was not just a struggle for national liberation. It was also a violent fratricidal conflict that unfolded in the metropole between two rival nationalist factions: the FLN (National Liberation Front) and the MNA (Algerian National Movement). The death toll among the Algerians caught in the crossfire was almost 4 000. The MNA, vanquished by the FLN and ostracized by the French, was, in the end, excised from Algeria’s national narrative after independence and marginalized by French historians of the Algerian War. This article is an in-depth analysis of the MNA during the war as a disadvantaged minority faction with a distinctive organizational structure whereby the family was made the core unit of political mobilization. In addition to oral interviews conducted in the greater Lyon region where many MNA members were based, this study draws extensively on the police files collected by the Ministry of the Interior, somewhat less on the files of the Bureau of General Information, and various press sources. It traces the political topography of “Messalist” entrenchment in the metropole, their loyalty to the charismatic founder Messali Hadj, and the movement’s obsidional strategem, which converted entire housing units into fortresses of familial mobilization. The MNA was also profoundly gendered, as Messalist women who were literally wedded to the cause solidified affective and political filiations. If the MNA drew its strength from family ties, it also suffered from these as well, as it continually sacrificed its most vulnerable members: women and children. Marred by the traumas of internecine violence and political terrorism, the MNA left behind an ambivalent legacy all the while striving for independence. Unlike the FLN, the MNA never formed associations despite a shared experience. |
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