Politiques de la psychanalyse pour le XXIe siècle : Une traversée critique du lacano-marxisme contemporain
This article critically examines contemporary Lacanian-Marxist thought, exploring the intersection of psychoanalysis and politics. Moving from Lacan’s assertion that « the unconscious is politics », challenging the traditional view of psychoanalysis as a purely individualistic, private practice. Ins...
Gorde:
| Egile Nagusiak: | , |
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| Formatua: | Article ou chapitre numérique |
| Hizkuntza: | Français |
| Argitaratua: |
2025
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| Gaiak: | |
| Sarrera elektronikoa: | Accès Université d'Orléans et IFPM Accès Université d'Orléans et IFPM |
| Gaia: | This article critically examines contemporary Lacanian-Marxist thought, exploring the intersection of psychoanalysis and politics. Moving from Lacan’s assertion that « the unconscious is politics », challenging the traditional view of psychoanalysis as a purely individualistic, private practice. Instead, it argues that the unconscious operates in a trans-individual register, mediating between the symbolic, the imaginary, and the real in an interregnum that sits between individual and collective spaces. The article traces the Lacanian-Marxist debate through several thinkers, starting with Ernesto Laclau, whose theory of hegemony redefines political identities as discursive constructs based on the Lacanian theory of the signifier rather than economic class structures. It then examines Slavoj Žižek’s critique of Laclau, arguing that Laclau’s generalized application of the populist logic to any political constellation risks founding political collectives – designated as « the people » – on a structural exclusion, not unlike what occurs in ethno-nationalist politics. Žižek, by contrast, proposes an antagonistic universalism, wherein the symptomatic particular reveals the contradictions inherent in every universal. Furthermore, the article explores Samo Tomšič’s concept of the « capitalist unconscious », linking Marx’s surplus value to Lacan’s plus-de-jouir. It also discusses Ian Parker and David Pavón-Cuéllar, who push psychoanalysis toward revolutionary politics. The article concludes with the work of Jorge Alemán, who examines whether psychoanalysis can formulate a new form of collective praxis beyond identification with a master signifier. Alemán suggests a politics based on a collective formed by those who have experienced the unconscious – where the social bond is not founded on identification, but rather on the symptom. |
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