Linguistic philosophy in modern uṣūl al-fiqh: al-Ākhund al-Khurāsānī (d. 1911) on seeking something without willing it to be
In a seminal modern work of uṣūl al-fiqh, al-Ākhund al-Khurāsānī (d. 1911) argues that the two terms ṭalab (seeking) and irāda (willing) are coined to refer to a single concept. Within the argument he implies that the Ashʿarīs, and some modern Twelver Shīʿa who lean towards their position, fall foul...
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Methodos
2022
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| Accés en línia: | Accès Université d'Orléans et IFPM Accès Université d'Orléans et IFPM |
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openedition-oai:revues.org:methodos_8985 https://doi.org/10.4000/methodos.8985 urn:doi:10.4000/methodos.8985 en https://journals.openedition.org/methodos/8985 2022-05-31T02:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess article info:eu-repo/semantics/article urn:handle:20.500.13089/i9r7 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Linguistic philosophy in modern uṣūl al-fiqh: al-Ākhund al-Khurāsānī (d. 1911) on seeking something without willing it to be Methodos Savoirs textes langage - UMR 8163 info:eu-repo/semantics/reference/issn/1769-7379 info:eu-repo/semantics/reference/issn/1626-0600 URI:https://journals.openedition.org/methodos Bhojani, Ali-Reza uṣūl al-fiqh moderne philosophie linguistique arabe inshāʾ commandement chercher et vouloir performatifs arabes modern uṣūl al-fiqh Arabic linguistic philosophy inshāʾ command seeking and willing Arabic performatives In a seminal modern work of uṣūl al-fiqh, al-Ākhund al-Khurāsānī (d. 1911) argues that the two terms ṭalab (seeking) and irāda (willing) are coined to refer to a single concept. Within the argument he implies that the Ashʿarīs, and some modern Twelver Shīʿa who lean towards their position, fall foul of a linguistic fallacy when they assert that ṭalab and irāda are distinct. For al-Khurāsānī, both ṭalab and irāda may be used in two distinct modes, a real (ḥaqīqī) mode or an initiating mode (inshāʾī). The former denotes a real seeking or willing within the essence of an actor, whereas the latter simply seeks to initiate the meaning of seeking or willing. Accordingly, an initiating ṭalab may be distinct from a real irāda, and a real ṭalab may be distinct from an initiating irāda, without undermining the position that ṭalab and irāda are conceptually identical. Analysis of al-Khurāsānī’s arguments, and some criticisms of it by later modern and contemporary scholars of uṣūl al-fiqh, will aim to broaden our understanding of the category of inshāʾ in Arabic, hitherto analysed through the lens of J. L. Austin’s notion of performatives. More generally, the paper takes the treatment of this linguistic issue as an example affirming the continued importance of modern and contemporary uṣūl al-fiqh for engaging with Arabic philosophy of language and argument. Dans un ouvrage moderne fondateur de uṣūl al-fiqh, al-Ākhund al-Khurāsānī (m. 1911) soutient que les deux termes ṭalab (recherche) et irāda (volonté) sont forgés pour désigner un seul concept. Dans l'argument, il implique que les Ashʿarīs, et certains Duodécimains Shīʿa modernes penchant vers leur position, tombent sous le coup d'un sophisme linguistique lorsqu'ils affirment que ṭalab et irāda sont distincts. Pour al-Khurāsānī, ṭalab et irāda peuvent être utilisés dans deux modes distincts, un mode réel (ḥaqīqī) ou un mode initiateur (inshāʾī). Le premier dénote une recherche ou une volonté réelle dans l'essence d'un acteur, tandis que le second cherche simplement à initier le sens de la recherche ou de la volonté. En conséquence, un ṭalab initiateur peut être distinct d'un véritable irāda, et un véritable ṭalab peut être distinct d'un irāda initiateur, sans remettre en cause la position selon laquelle ṭalab et irāda sont conceptuellement identiques. L'analyse des arguments d'al-Khurāsānī, et de certaines critiques de celui-ci par des érudits modernes et contemporains ultérieurs de uṣūl al-fiqh, viseront à élargir notre compréhension de la catégorie d'inshāʾ en arabe, analysée jusqu'à présent à travers le prisme de la notion de performativité de J. L. Austin. Plus généralement, l'article prend le traitement de cette question linguistique comme un exemple affirmant l'importance continue de l'uṣūl al-fiqh moderne et contemporain pour s'engager dans la philosophie arabe de la langue et de l'argumentation. |
| collection |
OpenEdition Journal |
| language |
Anglais |
| format |
Article ou chapitre numérique |
| building |
0/Bibliothèque numérique/ 1/Bibliothèque numérique/OpenEdition Journals/ |
| topic |
uṣūl al-fiqh moderne philosophie linguistique arabe inshāʾ commandement chercher et vouloir performatifs arabes modern uṣūl al-fiqh Arabic linguistic philosophy inshāʾ command seeking and willing Arabic performatives |
| spellingShingle |
uṣūl al-fiqh moderne philosophie linguistique arabe inshāʾ commandement chercher et vouloir performatifs arabes modern uṣūl al-fiqh Arabic linguistic philosophy inshāʾ command seeking and willing Arabic performatives Bhojani, Ali-Reza Linguistic philosophy in modern uṣūl al-fiqh: al-Ākhund al-Khurāsānī (d. 1911) on seeking something without willing it to be |
| description |
In a seminal modern work of uṣūl al-fiqh, al-Ākhund al-Khurāsānī (d. 1911) argues that the two terms ṭalab (seeking) and irāda (willing) are coined to refer to a single concept. Within the argument he implies that the Ashʿarīs, and some modern Twelver Shīʿa who lean towards their position, fall foul of a linguistic fallacy when they assert that ṭalab and irāda are distinct. For al-Khurāsānī, both ṭalab and irāda may be used in two distinct modes, a real (ḥaqīqī) mode or an initiating mode (inshāʾī). The former denotes a real seeking or willing within the essence of an actor, whereas the latter simply seeks to initiate the meaning of seeking or willing. Accordingly, an initiating ṭalab may be distinct from a real irāda, and a real ṭalab may be distinct from an initiating irāda, without undermining the position that ṭalab and irāda are conceptually identical. Analysis of al-Khurāsānī’s arguments, and some criticisms of it by later modern and contemporary scholars of uṣūl al-fiqh, will aim to broaden our understanding of the category of inshāʾ in Arabic, hitherto analysed through the lens of J. L. Austin’s notion of performatives. More generally, the paper takes the treatment of this linguistic issue as an example affirming the continued importance of modern and contemporary uṣūl al-fiqh for engaging with Arabic philosophy of language and argument. |
| author |
Bhojani, Ali-Reza |
| author_facet |
Bhojani, Ali-Reza |
| author_sort |
Bhojani, Ali-Reza |
| title |
Linguistic philosophy in modern uṣūl al-fiqh: al-Ākhund al-Khurāsānī (d. 1911) on seeking something without willing it to be |
| title_short |
Linguistic philosophy in modern uṣūl al-fiqh: al-Ākhund al-Khurāsānī (d. 1911) on seeking something without willing it to be |
| title_full |
Linguistic philosophy in modern uṣūl al-fiqh: al-Ākhund al-Khurāsānī (d. 1911) on seeking something without willing it to be |
| title_fullStr |
Linguistic philosophy in modern uṣūl al-fiqh: al-Ākhund al-Khurāsānī (d. 1911) on seeking something without willing it to be |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Linguistic philosophy in modern uṣūl al-fiqh: al-Ākhund al-Khurāsānī (d. 1911) on seeking something without willing it to be |
| title_sort |
linguistic philosophy in modern uṣūl al-fiqh: al-ākhund al-khurāsānī (d. 1911) on seeking something without willing it to be |
| publisher |
Methodos |
| publishDate |
2022 |
| container_title |
URI:https://journals.openedition.org/methodos |
| url |
https://ezproxy.univ-orleans.fr/login?url=https://doi.org/10.4000/methodos.8985 https://ezproxy.univ-orleans.fr/login?url=https://journals.openedition.org/methodos/8985 |
| _version_ |
1877293173230796800 |