The Long Itinerary to Normalization: The Cuban – Latin American Relations
After its Revolution Cuba was forced into a Latin American and Caribbean diplomatic quarantine by the United States. In the 1960s, Cuba’s relations with the region were basically characterized by its support to insurgency and guerrilla movements. In the 1970s, Cuba overcame its isolation by normaliz...
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| Xuất bản năm: | URI:https://journals.openedition.org/ideas, |
|---|---|
| Tác giả chính: | |
| Định dạng: | Article ou chapitre numérique |
| Ngôn ngữ: | Anglais |
| Được phát hành: |
IdeAs
2017
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| Những chủ đề: | |
| Truy cập trực tuyến: | Accès Université d'Orléans et IFPM Accès Université d'Orléans et IFPM |
| id |
openedition-oai:revues.org:ideas_2162 |
|---|---|
| record_format |
openedition |
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OpenEdition Journal |
| language |
Anglais |
| format |
Article ou chapitre numérique |
| building |
0/Bibliothèque numérique/ 1/Bibliothèque numérique/OpenEdition Journals/ |
| topic |
Latin America United States Cuba Soft Power Diplomacy Revolutions América Latina Estados Unidos Cuba Diplomacia de poder suave Revoluciones Amérique latine États-Unis Cuba Soft Power Diplomacy Révolutions |
| spellingShingle |
Latin America United States Cuba Soft Power Diplomacy Revolutions América Latina Estados Unidos Cuba Diplomacia de poder suave Revoluciones Amérique latine États-Unis Cuba Soft Power Diplomacy Révolutions Kruijt, Dirk The Long Itinerary to Normalization: The Cuban – Latin American Relations |
| description |
After its Revolution Cuba was forced into a Latin American and Caribbean diplomatic quarantine by the United States. In the 1960s, Cuba’s relations with the region were basically characterized by its support to insurgency and guerrilla movements. In the 1970s, Cuba overcame its isolation by normalizing relations in Latin America and with the newly independent Caribbean island-states. Support to the Armed Left was only given in the case of civil war against dictatorships; Cuba also assisted in building national umbrella organizations of insurgent movements. After 1985-1989 it used its Soft Power (medical brigades and facilities, literacy and post-disaster reconstruction teams), and its goods offices during peace negotiations to become a much-respected country in the region. During the government of Raúl Castro economic and political reforms were initiated while a rapport with the Catholic episcopate was established. It contributed in facilitating with success the decades-long negotiations with the United States about normalizing relations. A substantial part of this article is based on new and recent interviews with numerous Cuban key actors. |
| author |
Kruijt, Dirk |
| author_facet |
Kruijt, Dirk |
| author_sort |
Kruijt, Dirk |
| title |
The Long Itinerary to Normalization: The Cuban – Latin American Relations |
| title_short |
The Long Itinerary to Normalization: The Cuban – Latin American Relations |
| title_full |
The Long Itinerary to Normalization: The Cuban – Latin American Relations |
| title_fullStr |
The Long Itinerary to Normalization: The Cuban – Latin American Relations |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The Long Itinerary to Normalization: The Cuban – Latin American Relations |
| title_sort |
long itinerary to normalization: the cuban – latin american relations |
| publisher |
IdeAs |
| publishDate |
2017 |
| container_title |
URI:https://journals.openedition.org/ideas |
| url |
https://ezproxy.univ-orleans.fr/login?url=https://doi.org/10.4000/ideas.2162 https://ezproxy.univ-orleans.fr/login?url=https://journals.openedition.org/ideas/2162 |
| _version_ |
1877242144037535744 |
| spelling |
openedition-oai:revues.org:ideas_2162 https://doi.org/10.4000/ideas.2162 urn:doi:10.4000/ideas.2162 en https://journals.openedition.org/ideas/2162 2017-12-19T01:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess article info:eu-repo/semantics/article urn:handle:20.500.13089/gut4 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ The Long Itinerary to Normalization: The Cuban – Latin American Relations IdeAs Institut des Amériques info:eu-repo/semantics/reference/issn/1950-5701 URI:https://journals.openedition.org/ideas Kruijt, Dirk Latin America United States Cuba Soft Power Diplomacy Revolutions América Latina Estados Unidos Cuba Diplomacia de poder suave Revoluciones Amérique latine États-Unis Cuba Soft Power Diplomacy Révolutions After its Revolution Cuba was forced into a Latin American and Caribbean diplomatic quarantine by the United States. In the 1960s, Cuba’s relations with the region were basically characterized by its support to insurgency and guerrilla movements. In the 1970s, Cuba overcame its isolation by normalizing relations in Latin America and with the newly independent Caribbean island-states. Support to the Armed Left was only given in the case of civil war against dictatorships; Cuba also assisted in building national umbrella organizations of insurgent movements. After 1985-1989 it used its Soft Power (medical brigades and facilities, literacy and post-disaster reconstruction teams), and its goods offices during peace negotiations to become a much-respected country in the region. During the government of Raúl Castro economic and political reforms were initiated while a rapport with the Catholic episcopate was established. It contributed in facilitating with success the decades-long negotiations with the United States about normalizing relations. A substantial part of this article is based on new and recent interviews with numerous Cuban key actors. Peu après le début de la Révolution, les États-Unis forcent l'Amérique latine et la Caraïbe à soumettre Cuba à une quarantaine diplomatique. Dans les années 1960, l’appui des insurrections et des mouvements de guérilla caractérisent les relations de Cuba avec la région. Dans les années 1970, Cuba dépasse son isolement en normalisant ses relations avec l'Amérique latine, et les États de la Caraïbe qui viennent juste d’accéder à l’indépendance. Le soutient à la gauche armée ne fut accordé qu’en cas de guerre civile contre des dictatures militaires. Cuba œuvre aussi pour l’unification des mouvements insurrectionnels. Après 1985-1989, Cuba emploie son soft-power (brigades et attention médicale, brigades d’alphabétisation et de bons offices pendant les négociations de paix) pour devenir un pays très respecté dans la région. Avec le gouvernement de Raúl Castro débutent des réformes économiques et politiques, et une relation de réconciliation avec l’épiscopat catholique. Cela facilite le succès des négociations ouvertes depuis plusieurs décennies en faveur de la normalisation avec les États-Unis. Une grande partie de cet article est basée sur des entretiens récents menés auprès de responsables cubains. Después de su Revolución, Cuba fue sometida a una cuarentena diplomática por los Estados Unidos con respecto a América Latina y el Caribe. En la década de 1960, las relaciones de Cuba con la región se caracterizaron básicamente por su apoyo a la insurgencia y los movimientos guerrilleros. En la década de 1970, Cuba superó su aislamiento por la normalización de relaciones con América Latina y los estados Caribeños recientemente independizados. El apoyo a la izquierda armada fue otorgado solamente en caso de guerras civiles contra dictaduras militares. Cuba también ayudó en la construcción de organizaciones unitarias de movimientos insurgentes. Después de 1985-1989 utilizó su poder suave (brigadas y facilidades médicas y brigadas de alfabetización y buenos oficios durante las negociaciones de paz) para convertirse en un país altamente respetado en la región. Durante el gobierno de Raúl Castro se iniciaron reformas económicas y políticas, al mismo tiempo una relación de entendimiento con el episcopado católico fue establecido. Eso contribuyó a facilitar el éxito de las negociaciones de varias décadas con Estados Unidos sobre normalización de relaciones. Una parte de este artículo fue obtenido en base de entrevistas numerosas con actores claves cubanos. |