The Scottish Connection with India 1725–1833
The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how the Scottish elite, having taken advantage of opportunities provided by the 1707 Union with England, was then encouraged to spread eastwards, with the East India Company (EIC) as the vehicle. This progression was initiated in 1725 by a Westminster gove...
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| Опубликовано в: : | URI:https://journals.openedition.org/etudesecossaises, |
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| Формат: | Article ou chapitre numérique |
| Язык: | Anglais |
| Опубликовано: |
Études écossaises
2011
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| Online-ссылка: | Accès Université d'Orléans et IFPM Accès Université d'Orléans et IFPM |
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openedition-oai:revues.org:etudesecossaises_239 |
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openedition |
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openedition-oai:revues.org:etudesecossaises_239 https://doi.org/10.4000/etudesecossaises.239 urn:doi:10.4000/etudesecossaises.239 en https://journals.openedition.org/etudesecossaises/239 2011-03-17T01:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess article info:eu-repo/semantics/article urn:handle:20.500.13089/g5t2 All rights reserved The Scottish Connection with India 1725–1833 Études écossaises UGA Éditions - Université Grenoble Alpes info:eu-repo/semantics/reference/issn/1969-6337 info:eu-repo/semantics/reference/issn/1240-1439 URI:https://journals.openedition.org/etudesecossaises McGilvary, George K. Scottish commerce and finance London-Scottish merchants Scottish agents and bankers Darien Political management of Scotland English East India Company patronage Whig-Hanoverians and Jacobites Scottish Commercialism in South-East Asia Nabob The Scottish elite The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how the Scottish elite, having taken advantage of opportunities provided by the 1707 Union with England, was then encouraged to spread eastwards, with the East India Company (EIC) as the vehicle. This progression was initiated in 1725 by a Westminster government headed by Walpole. He used the patronage provided by the monopoly to consolidate Whig political management of Scotland. Ministries, thereafter, also found this system very useful. This explains why there were so many Scots employed by the English EIC and its shipping for most of the eighteenth century and into the nineteenth. Their numbers were further boosted, from 1784, by the favours conferred, and the scheming, of Henry Dundas, Viscount Melville head of the new India Board. These Scots would play an extraordinary part in propagating the British Empire in India, the East Indies and China. An unlooked for, but very welcome additional benefit, concerns the riches these people brought back to Scotland. This wealth had a major impact on Scotland’s economic infrastructure. It is also argued that the East India patronage system helped dampen Jacobite and Scottish nationalist sentiments and that together with the bonds formed with the English elite and commercial classes—through wealth-seeking in the Indies—use of this patronage helped bring stability to the new concept of a “Great Britain”. Cet article se propose de démontrer comment l’élite écossaise, bénéficiant de l’Union de 1707 avec l’Angleterre et du système de parrainage mis en place par le gouvernement, étendit son influence vers l’Orient à partir de 1720 grâce à la Compagnie des Indes orientales. Cette évolution était le résultat d’un système politique qui s’exerçait sous le couvert de cette compagnie. Cette pratique avait été instituée par Walpole dans les années 1720, et les gouvernements suivants la trouvèrent utile. Ainsi s’explique la présence si importante d’Écossais au sein de la Compagnie des Indes et dans le transport maritime au cours des xviiie et xixe siècles. À partir de 1784, le système fut renforcé par Henry Dundas, vicomte de Melville.Les Écossais jouèrent donc un rôle considérable dans l’expansion de l’Empire britannique en Inde, dans les Indes orientales et en Chine. Par ailleurs, les richesses ramenées en Écosse par ces personnes représentaient un atout très apprécié, quoique inattendu, dès lors qu’elles contribuaient de manière importante à l’essor de l’économie écossaise. Certains affirment également que ce système de parrainage instauré dans le cadre de la Compagnie des Indes a contribué à affaiblir les velléités nationalistes et jacobites en Écosse, et que, grâce aux liens noués avec les élites et les milieux du commerce en Angleterre, il a ainsi participé à l’élaboration du nouveau concept de « Grande-Bretagne ». |
| collection |
OpenEdition Journal |
| language |
Anglais |
| format |
Article ou chapitre numérique |
| building |
0/Bibliothèque numérique/ 1/Bibliothèque numérique/OpenEdition Journals/ |
| topic |
Scottish commerce and finance London-Scottish merchants Scottish agents and bankers Darien Political management of Scotland English East India Company patronage Whig-Hanoverians and Jacobites Scottish Commercialism in South-East Asia Nabob The Scottish elite |
| spellingShingle |
Scottish commerce and finance London-Scottish merchants Scottish agents and bankers Darien Political management of Scotland English East India Company patronage Whig-Hanoverians and Jacobites Scottish Commercialism in South-East Asia Nabob The Scottish elite McGilvary, George K. The Scottish Connection with India 1725–1833 |
| description |
The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how the Scottish elite, having taken advantage of opportunities provided by the 1707 Union with England, was then encouraged to spread eastwards, with the East India Company (EIC) as the vehicle. This progression was initiated in 1725 by a Westminster government headed by Walpole. He used the patronage provided by the monopoly to consolidate Whig political management of Scotland. Ministries, thereafter, also found this system very useful. This explains why there were so many Scots employed by the English EIC and its shipping for most of the eighteenth century and into the nineteenth. Their numbers were further boosted, from 1784, by the favours conferred, and the scheming, of Henry Dundas, Viscount Melville head of the new India Board. These Scots would play an extraordinary part in propagating the British Empire in India, the East Indies and China. An unlooked for, but very welcome additional benefit, concerns the riches these people brought back to Scotland. This wealth had a major impact on Scotland’s economic infrastructure. It is also argued that the East India patronage system helped dampen Jacobite and Scottish nationalist sentiments and that together with the bonds formed with the English elite and commercial classes—through wealth-seeking in the Indies—use of this patronage helped bring stability to the new concept of a “Great Britain”. |
| author |
McGilvary, George K. |
| author_facet |
McGilvary, George K. |
| author_sort |
McGilvary, George K. |
| title |
The Scottish Connection with India 1725–1833 |
| title_short |
The Scottish Connection with India 1725–1833 |
| title_full |
The Scottish Connection with India 1725–1833 |
| title_fullStr |
The Scottish Connection with India 1725–1833 |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The Scottish Connection with India 1725–1833 |
| title_sort |
scottish connection with india 1725–1833 |
| publisher |
Études écossaises |
| publishDate |
2011 |
| container_title |
URI:https://journals.openedition.org/etudesecossaises |
| url |
https://ezproxy.univ-orleans.fr/login?url=https://doi.org/10.4000/etudesecossaises.239 https://ezproxy.univ-orleans.fr/login?url=https://journals.openedition.org/etudesecossaises/239 |
| _version_ |
1877244124310011904 |