The Position and Role of Provincial Governors at the Height of the Heian Period
Although the author of the Genji monogatari was the daughter and wife of resident provincial governors, she was little concerned with such officials in her work, and those who do appear in it are often caricatured. The administration of the state and the economic support of the court, however, were...
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| Vydáno v: | URI:https://journals.openedition.org/cjs, |
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Cipango - French Journal of Japanese Studies
2015
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openedition-oai:revues.org:cjs_658 https://doi.org/10.4000/cjs.658 urn:doi:10.4000/cjs.658 en https://journals.openedition.org/cjs/658 2015-11-27T01:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess article info:eu-repo/semantics/article urn:handle:20.500.13089/e1ik https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ The Position and Role of Provincial Governors at the Height of the Heian Period Cipango - French Journal of Japanese Studies INALCO info:eu-repo/semantics/reference/issn/2268-1744 URI:https://journals.openedition.org/cjs Hérail, Francine Genji monogatari Dit du Genji administration cadastres fonctionnaires corvée gouverneurs impôts Kokushi riz Zuryō aristocracy decreased legislative activity development of landed estates emperor increasingly virtual central administration local administration patron-client relations progressive abandonment of the Code system resident governor tax modification kizoku 貴族 chūōseido no yūmeimujitsuka 中央制度の有名無実化 jōsōkizoku-kenin no shujū kankei 上層貴族 家人の主従関係 ritsuryōsei no jyakutaika 律令制の漸次崩壊 kokushi 国司 zuryō 受領 chōzei seido no henshitsu 徴税制度の変質 Tennō 天皇 tetsuzuki手続 hōsei no jyakutaika法制の弱体化 chihō gyōsei地方行政 shōen no hattatsu 園の発達 Although the author of the Genji monogatari was the daughter and wife of resident provincial governors, she was little concerned with such officials in her work, and those who do appear in it are often caricatured. The administration of the state and the economic support of the court, however, were wholly dependent on these middle-ranking officials. The topic of provincial governors is addressed in four sections: (1) a governor’s mission, essentially to maintain order and carry out taxation; (2) family background—some governors came from a long line of middle-ranking officials while others were younger sons of high-ranking aristocrats; (3) the processes of a governor’s appointment and performance evaluation, both determined in part by his client relationship to eminent nobles; and (4) the governors’ role—motivated by profit, and aided by subordinates—in the movement of goods. Among his subordinates, a governor’s men at arms (rōdō 郎頭) could be particularly helpful on this front; a rōdō is the subject of a passage from the Shin sarugakuki translated in Appendix 2. As the work of a woman, the Genji monogatari cannot provide an in-depth description of mid-Heian Japan; yet it clearly evokes the growing distance between middle-ranking officials and their aristocratic superiors—men whose attachment to the symbols of power increased in direct proportion to their gradual loss of power itself. L’auteur du Genji monogatari est fille et épouse d’un gouverneur de province résidant, mais la part qu’elle fait à ces fonctionnaires dans son ouvrage est très limitée et quelquefois assez caricaturale. Cependant l’administration du pays et le soutien économique de la cour dépendaient encore entièrement de cette couche moyenne des fonctionnaires. L’article qui en traite évoque donc quatre points : - leurs missions, essentiellement maintien de l’ordre et fiscalité, - leur origine familiale, soit fonctionnaires moyens depuis plusieurs générations, soit cadets de hauts dignitaires, - les procédures de nominations et de reddition des comptes, en partie dépendantes de leurs liens de clientèle avec les grands, - leur rôle dans la circulation des biens car ils pouvaient s’enrichir aidés en cela par leurs subordonnés, notamment les valets, rōdō 郎頭, dont l’un fait l’objet d’un article du Shinsarugakuki donné en annexe. Œuvre d’une femme, le Genji monogatari ne pouvait décrire ce qu’était dans ses profondeurs le Japon de son temps mais elle suggère clairement la distance qui tendait à s’accroître entre la couche moyenne des fonctionnaires et les grands de plus en plus attachés aux symboles du pouvoir tandis que sa réalité tendait à les quitter. |
| collection |
OpenEdition Journal |
| language |
Anglais |
| format |
Article ou chapitre numérique |
| building |
0/Bibliothèque numérique/ 1/Bibliothèque numérique/OpenEdition Journals/ |
| topic |
Genji monogatari Dit du Genji administration cadastres fonctionnaires corvée gouverneurs impôts Kokushi riz Zuryō aristocracy decreased legislative activity development of landed estates emperor increasingly virtual central administration local administration patron-client relations progressive abandonment of the Code system resident governor tax modification kizoku 貴族 chūōseido no yūmeimujitsuka 中央制度の有名無実化 jōsōkizoku-kenin no shujū kankei 上層貴族 家人の主従関係 ritsuryōsei no jyakutaika 律令制の漸次崩壊 kokushi 国司 zuryō 受領 chōzei seido no henshitsu 徴税制度の変質 Tennō 天皇 tetsuzuki手続 hōsei no jyakutaika法制の弱体化 chihō gyōsei地方行政 shōen no hattatsu 園の発達 |
| spellingShingle |
Genji monogatari Dit du Genji administration cadastres fonctionnaires corvée gouverneurs impôts Kokushi riz Zuryō aristocracy decreased legislative activity development of landed estates emperor increasingly virtual central administration local administration patron-client relations progressive abandonment of the Code system resident governor tax modification kizoku 貴族 chūōseido no yūmeimujitsuka 中央制度の有名無実化 jōsōkizoku-kenin no shujū kankei 上層貴族 家人の主従関係 ritsuryōsei no jyakutaika 律令制の漸次崩壊 kokushi 国司 zuryō 受領 chōzei seido no henshitsu 徴税制度の変質 Tennō 天皇 tetsuzuki手続 hōsei no jyakutaika法制の弱体化 chihō gyōsei地方行政 shōen no hattatsu 園の発達 Hérail, Francine The Position and Role of Provincial Governors at the Height of the Heian Period |
| description |
Although the author of the Genji monogatari was the daughter and wife of resident provincial governors, she was little concerned with such officials in her work, and those who do appear in it are often caricatured. The administration of the state and the economic support of the court, however, were wholly dependent on these middle-ranking officials. The topic of provincial governors is addressed in four sections: (1) a governor’s mission, essentially to maintain order and carry out taxation; (2) family background—some governors came from a long line of middle-ranking officials while others were younger sons of high-ranking aristocrats; (3) the processes of a governor’s appointment and performance evaluation, both determined in part by his client relationship to eminent nobles; and (4) the governors’ role—motivated by profit, and aided by subordinates—in the movement of goods. Among his subordinates, a governor’s men at arms (rōdō 郎頭) could be particularly helpful on this front; a rōdō is the subject of a passage from the Shin sarugakuki translated in Appendix 2. As the work of a woman, the Genji monogatari cannot provide an in-depth description of mid-Heian Japan; yet it clearly evokes the growing distance between middle-ranking officials and their aristocratic superiors—men whose attachment to the symbols of power increased in direct proportion to their gradual loss of power itself. |
| author |
Hérail, Francine |
| author_facet |
Hérail, Francine |
| author_sort |
Hérail, Francine |
| title |
The Position and Role of Provincial Governors at the Height of the Heian Period |
| title_short |
The Position and Role of Provincial Governors at the Height of the Heian Period |
| title_full |
The Position and Role of Provincial Governors at the Height of the Heian Period |
| title_fullStr |
The Position and Role of Provincial Governors at the Height of the Heian Period |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The Position and Role of Provincial Governors at the Height of the Heian Period |
| title_sort |
position and role of provincial governors at the height of the heian period |
| publisher |
Cipango - French Journal of Japanese Studies |
| publishDate |
2015 |
| container_title |
URI:https://journals.openedition.org/cjs |
| url |
https://ezproxy.univ-orleans.fr/login?url=https://doi.org/10.4000/cjs.658 https://ezproxy.univ-orleans.fr/login?url=https://journals.openedition.org/cjs/658 |
| _version_ |
1877242752509411328 |