Crime, race, and morals : the development of criminology in Peru 1890-1930
Criminology arrived in Peru by the late 1880s, and with it the promise of both scientific explanations of crime and effective policies of crime control. As in Europe, Peruvian criminologists also debated the relative importance of biological and social factors in explaining crime tendencies. This ar...
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| Format: | Article ou chapitre numérique |
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Crime, Histoire & Sociétés
2009
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| Dostęp online: | Accès Université d'Orléans et IFPM |
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openedition-oai:revues.org:chs_968 |
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openedition |
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openedition-oai:revues.org:chs_968 en https://journals.openedition.org/chs/968 2009-04-03T02:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess article info:eu-repo/semantics/article urn:handle:20.500.13089/dz79 All rights reserved Crime, race, and morals : the development of criminology in Peru 1890-1930 Crime, Histoire & Sociétés Librairie Droz info:eu-repo/semantics/reference/issn/1663-4837 info:eu-repo/semantics/reference/issn/1422-0857 URI:https://journals.openedition.org/chs Aguirre, Carlos Criminology arrived in Peru by the late 1880s, and with it the promise of both scientific explanations of crime and effective policies of crime control. As in Europe, Peruvian criminologists also debated the relative importance of biological and social factors in explaining crime tendencies. This article reviews the adoption and early developments of positivist criminology in Peru. It shows that the most radical versions of biological determinism were rejected by Peruvian criminologists in favor of a « social » interpretation of crime. But while some emphasized social injustice and poverty as central factors behind crime, most Peruvian experts paid closer attention to the cultural and « moral » traits of the lower groups, thus reinforcing the traditional view of crime as a moral phenomenon associated with certain racial, social, and occupational groups. La criminologie, qui promettait à la fois une explication scientifique de la criminalité et des politiques criminelles efficaces, parvint au Pérou à la fin des années 1880. Les criminologues péruviens, à l'instar des européens débattirent de l'importance respective des facteurs biologiques et sociaux dans l'explication du penchant au crime. Cet article passe en revue l'acceptation et les premiers développements de la criminologie positiviste au Pérou. Il montre que les criminologues péruviens rejetaient les versions les plus extrêmes du déterminisme biologique en faveur d'une interprétation « sociale » de la criminalité. Mais tandis que certains d'entre eux mettaient l'accent sur les injustices sociales et la pauvreté comme causes principales du crime, la plupart des experts péruviens privilégiaient les traits culturels et « moraux » des classes inférieures renforçant ainsi la perception traditionnelle de la criminalité en tant que phénomène moral lié à certains groupes ethniques, sociaux ou professionnels. |
| collection |
OpenEdition Journal |
| language |
Anglais |
| format |
Article ou chapitre numérique |
| building |
0/Bibliothèque numérique/ 1/Bibliothèque numérique/OpenEdition Journals/ |
| description |
Criminology arrived in Peru by the late 1880s, and with it the promise of both scientific explanations of crime and effective policies of crime control. As in Europe, Peruvian criminologists also debated the relative importance of biological and social factors in explaining crime tendencies. This article reviews the adoption and early developments of positivist criminology in Peru. It shows that the most radical versions of biological determinism were rejected by Peruvian criminologists in favor of a « social » interpretation of crime. But while some emphasized social injustice and poverty as central factors behind crime, most Peruvian experts paid closer attention to the cultural and « moral » traits of the lower groups, thus reinforcing the traditional view of crime as a moral phenomenon associated with certain racial, social, and occupational groups. |
| author |
Aguirre, Carlos |
| spellingShingle |
Aguirre, Carlos Crime, race, and morals : the development of criminology in Peru 1890-1930 |
| author_facet |
Aguirre, Carlos |
| author_sort |
Aguirre, Carlos |
| title |
Crime, race, and morals : the development of criminology in Peru 1890-1930 |
| title_short |
Crime, race, and morals : the development of criminology in Peru 1890-1930 |
| title_full |
Crime, race, and morals : the development of criminology in Peru 1890-1930 |
| title_fullStr |
Crime, race, and morals : the development of criminology in Peru 1890-1930 |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Crime, race, and morals : the development of criminology in Peru 1890-1930 |
| title_sort |
crime, race, and morals : the development of criminology in peru 1890-1930 |
| publisher |
Crime, Histoire & Sociétés |
| publishDate |
2009 |
| container_title |
URI:https://journals.openedition.org/chs |
| url |
https://ezproxy.univ-orleans.fr/login?url=https://journals.openedition.org/chs/968 |
| _version_ |
1877244421630590976 |