Against the Rising Tide of Crime: Cesare Lombroso and Control of the “Dangerous Classes” in Italy, 1861-1940

Against the Rising Tide of Crime: Cesare Lombroso and Control of the “Dangerous Classes” in Italy, 1861-1940

This article analyses the impact of criminal anthropology, established by Cesare Lombroso, on the field of scientific policing in Italy. It focuses on the techniques and methods employed by police departments to identify and detect criminals and suspects at the end of the nineteenth century and duri...

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Autore principale: Musumeci, Emilia
Natura: Article ou chapitre numérique
Lingua:Anglais
Pubblicazione: Crime, Histoire & Sociétés 2019
Accesso online:Accès Université d'Orléans et IFPM
id openedition-oai:revues.org:chs_2313
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spelling openedition-oai:revues.org:chs_2313 en https://journals.openedition.org/chs/2313 2019-04-02T02:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess article info:eu-repo/semantics/article urn:handle:20.500.13089/dzbh All rights reserved Against the Rising Tide of Crime: Cesare Lombroso and Control of the “Dangerous Classes” in Italy, 1861-1940 Crime, Histoire & Sociétés Librairie Droz info:eu-repo/semantics/reference/issn/1663-4837 info:eu-repo/semantics/reference/issn/1422-0857 URI:https://journals.openedition.org/chs Musumeci, Emilia This article analyses the impact of criminal anthropology, established by Cesare Lombroso, on the field of scientific policing in Italy. It focuses on the techniques and methods employed by police departments to identify and detect criminals and suspects at the end of the nineteenth century and during the first half of the twentieth century in order to control the so-called “dangerous classes”. In Italy, the Bertillonage system was introduced thanks to the efforts of Salvatore Ottolenghi (1861-1934), a pupil of Cesare Lombroso and founder of the Italian scientific police (polizia scientifica). While such identification techniques spread to many countries, their deployment in Italy was different, being strongly influenced by Lombroso’s concept of “criminal man”. The so-called “Ottolenghi method” was used, particularly during the Fascist regime, to identify not only criminals but also “subversives”, “enemies of social order” and any “suspicious person”. Cet article analyse l’impact de l’anthropologie criminelle de Cesare Lombroso dans le domaine de la police scientifique en Italie. Il met l’accent sur les techniques et les méthodes employées par les services de police pour identifier et détecter les criminels et les suspects à la fin du XIXe siècle. Pendant la première moitié du XXe siècle, elles furent mobilisées afin de contrôler les « classes dangereuses ». En Italie, le système dit « de Bertillon » a été introduit grâce aux efforts de Salvatore Ottolenghi (1861-1934), élève de Cesare Lombroso et fondateur de la police scientifique italienne (polizia scientifica). Alors que ces techniques d’identification se sont répandues dans de nombreux pays, leur déploiement en Italie a été différent et fortement influencé par le concept d’« homme criminel » de Lombroso. La méthode dite « méthode Ottolenghi » a ainsi été utilisée, notamment sous le régime fasciste, pour identifier non seulement les criminels mais aussi les « subversifs », les « ennemis de l’ordre social » et toute « personne suspecte ».
collection OpenEdition Journal
language Anglais
format Article ou chapitre numérique
building 0/Bibliothèque numérique/
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description This article analyses the impact of criminal anthropology, established by Cesare Lombroso, on the field of scientific policing in Italy. It focuses on the techniques and methods employed by police departments to identify and detect criminals and suspects at the end of the nineteenth century and during the first half of the twentieth century in order to control the so-called “dangerous classes”. In Italy, the Bertillonage system was introduced thanks to the efforts of Salvatore Ottolenghi (1861-1934), a pupil of Cesare Lombroso and founder of the Italian scientific police (polizia scientifica). While such identification techniques spread to many countries, their deployment in Italy was different, being strongly influenced by Lombroso’s concept of “criminal man”. The so-called “Ottolenghi method” was used, particularly during the Fascist regime, to identify not only criminals but also “subversives”, “enemies of social order” and any “suspicious person”.
author Musumeci, Emilia
spellingShingle Musumeci, Emilia
Against the Rising Tide of Crime: Cesare Lombroso and Control of the “Dangerous Classes” in Italy, 1861-1940
author_facet Musumeci, Emilia
author_sort Musumeci, Emilia
title Against the Rising Tide of Crime: Cesare Lombroso and Control of the “Dangerous Classes” in Italy, 1861-1940
title_short Against the Rising Tide of Crime: Cesare Lombroso and Control of the “Dangerous Classes” in Italy, 1861-1940
title_full Against the Rising Tide of Crime: Cesare Lombroso and Control of the “Dangerous Classes” in Italy, 1861-1940
title_fullStr Against the Rising Tide of Crime: Cesare Lombroso and Control of the “Dangerous Classes” in Italy, 1861-1940
title_full_unstemmed Against the Rising Tide of Crime: Cesare Lombroso and Control of the “Dangerous Classes” in Italy, 1861-1940
title_sort against the rising tide of crime: cesare lombroso and control of the “dangerous classes” in italy, 1861-1940
publisher Crime, Histoire & Sociétés
publishDate 2019
container_title URI:https://journals.openedition.org/chs
url https://ezproxy.univ-orleans.fr/login?url=https://journals.openedition.org/chs/2313
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