Making “Mediterranean Migrants”: Geopolitical Transitions, Migratory Policy, and French Conceptions of the Mediterranean in the 20th Century
Despite the fact that most migrants in mid-20th century France came from the western Mediterranean, the relationship between conceptions of migrants and conceptions of the Mediterranean is poorly understood. This article analyzes both how French policy debates about migrants borrowed from discourses...
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| Publicado no: | URI:https://journals.openedition.org/cdlm, |
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| Formato: | Article ou chapitre numérique |
| Idioma: | Anglais |
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Cahiers de la Méditerranée
2015
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| Acesso em linha: | Accès Université d'Orléans et IFPM Accès Université d'Orléans et IFPM |
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openedition-oai:revues.org:cdlm_7776 |
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openedition |
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openedition-oai:revues.org:cdlm_7776 https://doi.org/10.4000/cdlm.7776 urn:doi:10.4000/cdlm.7776 en https://journals.openedition.org/cdlm/7776 2015-06-08T02:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess article info:eu-repo/semantics/article urn:handle:20.500.13089/dm1o https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Making “Mediterranean Migrants”: Geopolitical Transitions, Migratory Policy, and French Conceptions of the Mediterranean in the 20th Century Cahiers de la Méditerranée Centre de la Méditerranée moderne et contemporaine info:eu-repo/semantics/reference/issn/1773-0201 info:eu-repo/semantics/reference/issn/0395-9317 URI:https://journals.openedition.org/cdlm Kozakowski, Michael A. immigration France géopolitique discours histoire intellectuelle de la Méditerranée France Migration Discourses Geopolitics Intellectual History of the Mediterranean Despite the fact that most migrants in mid-20th century France came from the western Mediterranean, the relationship between conceptions of migrants and conceptions of the Mediterranean is poorly understood. This article analyzes both how French policy debates about migrants borrowed from discourses about the Mediterranean and its inhabitants, as well as how these debates reveal changing ideas about the Mediterranean as the frontier of “Europe.” To this end, the article examines four periods of geopolitical reconfigurations when migratory patterns and policies were reworked: as a result of World War I, in the wake of World War II, during the 1950s and 1960s with decolonization and European integration, and in the midst of economic crises and European enlargement since the 1970s. During the course of the 20th century, the concept of the “Mediterranean migrant,” as well as the “Mediterranean” itself, increasingly referred to persons from the southern shore of the Mediterranean, rather than from Southern Europe. This shift, in conjunction with an increasingly united Europe, has several implications for migrants’ inclusion in the nation-state and European Union. Malgré le fait que la plupart des migrants en France au mitan du xxe siècle soient issus des pays de la Méditerranée occidentale, la relation entre les conceptions des immigrés et les conceptions de la Méditerranée reste peu connue. Cet article analyse à la fois comment les débats sur la politique migratoire française sont marqués par les discours sur la Méditerranée et ses habitants, ainsi que la façon dont ces débats révélèrent l’évolution des idées sur « la Méditerranée » comme frontière de « l’Europe ». A cette fin, l’article examine quatre périodes de recompositions géopolitiques où les circuits et les politiques migratoires furent révisés : à l’issue de la première guerre mondiale, à la suite de la seconde guerre mondiale, dans les années 1950 et 1960 avec la décolonisation et l’intégration européenne, et enfin, au milieu des crises économiques et de l’élargissement du Marché Commun et l’Union européenne depuis les années 1970. Au cours du xxe siècle, le concept de « l’immigré méditerranéen », ainsi que celui de « la Méditerranée » elle-même, se référèrent de plus en plus aux personnes provenant de la rive sud de la Méditerranée, plutôt qu’à ceux de l’Europe méridionale. Ce changement, dans le contexte d’une Europe de plus en plus unie, entraîne plusieurs conséquences sur les possibilités d’inclusion des migrants dans l’État-nation et l’Union européenne. |
| collection |
OpenEdition Journal |
| language |
Anglais |
| format |
Article ou chapitre numérique |
| building |
0/Bibliothèque numérique/ 1/Bibliothèque numérique/OpenEdition Journals/ |
| topic |
immigration France géopolitique discours histoire intellectuelle de la Méditerranée France Migration Discourses Geopolitics Intellectual History of the Mediterranean |
| spellingShingle |
immigration France géopolitique discours histoire intellectuelle de la Méditerranée France Migration Discourses Geopolitics Intellectual History of the Mediterranean Kozakowski, Michael A. Making “Mediterranean Migrants”: Geopolitical Transitions, Migratory Policy, and French Conceptions of the Mediterranean in the 20th Century |
| description |
Despite the fact that most migrants in mid-20th century France came from the western Mediterranean, the relationship between conceptions of migrants and conceptions of the Mediterranean is poorly understood. This article analyzes both how French policy debates about migrants borrowed from discourses about the Mediterranean and its inhabitants, as well as how these debates reveal changing ideas about the Mediterranean as the frontier of “Europe.” To this end, the article examines four periods of geopolitical reconfigurations when migratory patterns and policies were reworked: as a result of World War I, in the wake of World War II, during the 1950s and 1960s with decolonization and European integration, and in the midst of economic crises and European enlargement since the 1970s. During the course of the 20th century, the concept of the “Mediterranean migrant,” as well as the “Mediterranean” itself, increasingly referred to persons from the southern shore of the Mediterranean, rather than from Southern Europe. This shift, in conjunction with an increasingly united Europe, has several implications for migrants’ inclusion in the nation-state and European Union. |
| author |
Kozakowski, Michael A. |
| author_facet |
Kozakowski, Michael A. |
| author_sort |
Kozakowski, Michael A. |
| title |
Making “Mediterranean Migrants”: Geopolitical Transitions, Migratory Policy, and French Conceptions of the Mediterranean in the 20th Century |
| title_short |
Making “Mediterranean Migrants”: Geopolitical Transitions, Migratory Policy, and French Conceptions of the Mediterranean in the 20th Century |
| title_full |
Making “Mediterranean Migrants”: Geopolitical Transitions, Migratory Policy, and French Conceptions of the Mediterranean in the 20th Century |
| title_fullStr |
Making “Mediterranean Migrants”: Geopolitical Transitions, Migratory Policy, and French Conceptions of the Mediterranean in the 20th Century |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Making “Mediterranean Migrants”: Geopolitical Transitions, Migratory Policy, and French Conceptions of the Mediterranean in the 20th Century |
| title_sort |
making “mediterranean migrants”: geopolitical transitions, migratory policy, and french conceptions of the mediterranean in the 20th century |
| publisher |
Cahiers de la Méditerranée |
| publishDate |
2015 |
| container_title |
URI:https://journals.openedition.org/cdlm |
| url |
https://ezproxy.univ-orleans.fr/login?url=https://doi.org/10.4000/cdlm.7776 https://ezproxy.univ-orleans.fr/login?url=https://journals.openedition.org/cdlm/7776 |
| _version_ |
1877242926485995520 |