3. Des camps d’internement pour les Zingari dans l’Italie fasciste (1940-1943)
Among the anti-“Gypsy” policies implemented by Italy’s fascist regime, the wartime internment of civilians played a key role. The measure aimed to keep an eye on all individuals seen as a “national danger”: primarily, subjects of enemy countries, Slovenian and Croatian civilians from the territories...
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| मुख्य लेखकों: | , |
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| स्वरूप: | Article ou chapitre numérique |
| भाषा: | Français |
| प्रकाशित: |
2023
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| ऑनलाइन पहुंच: | Accès Université d'Orléans et IFPM Accès Université d'Orléans et IFPM |
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cairn-RHSHO_217_0081 |
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cairn |
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cairn-RHSHO_217_0081RHSHORevue d’Histoire de la Shoah https://shs.cairn.info/revue-d-histoire-de-la-shoah-2023-1-page-81?lang=fr https://doi.org/10.3917/rhsho.217.0081 3. Des camps d’internement pour les Zingari dans l’Italie fasciste (1940-1943) Trevisan, PaolaChiquet, Olivier2023 fre Revue d’Histoire de la Shoah | 217 | 1 | 2023-03-22 | p. 81-107 | 2111-885X RHSHO_21785 Among the anti-“Gypsy” policies implemented by Italy’s fascist regime, the wartime internment of civilians played a key role. The measure aimed to keep an eye on all individuals seen as a “national danger”: primarily, subjects of enemy countries, Slovenian and Croatian civilians from the territories annexed by Italy, Jews (mainly foreign or stateless people), political opponents, and “Gypsies.” This article analyzes how this measure was implemented in relation to Roma and Sinti individuals, and focuses on the three concentration camps where they were interned between 1940 and 1943. The study of archival documents helped first of all to trace how the Interior Ministry chose to manage their internment, and also to reveal how the Roma and Sinti lived in worse conditions than other internees. In spite of a significant presence of under-age individuals, the Interior Ministry chose to host them in mean lodgings without adequate food – which made their internment particularly miserable. Second, the study proved that Roma and Sinti individuals were interned without the basis of a preliminary definition of “Gypsy.” This made it possible for each prefect to apply the internment circulars according to any circumstance they had to hand. While the lack of a specific administrative category for “Gypsies” did not lessen their persecution, it led to a lower visibility even after the end of the war. Nor did their testimonies or memoirs, though published since the 1970s, raise any seminal interest in the academic world. This has left a blank in historiography that needs filling.Cairn restricted access |
| language |
Français |
| format |
Article ou chapitre numérique |
| building |
0/Bibliothèque numérique/ 1/Bibliothèque numérique/Cairn/ |
| description |
Among the anti-“Gypsy” policies implemented by Italy’s fascist regime, the wartime internment of civilians played a key role. The measure aimed to keep an eye on all individuals seen as a “national danger”: primarily, subjects of enemy countries, Slovenian and Croatian civilians from the territories annexed by Italy, Jews (mainly foreign or stateless people), political opponents, and “Gypsies.” This article analyzes how this measure was implemented in relation to Roma and Sinti individuals, and focuses on the three concentration camps where they were interned between 1940 and 1943. The study of archival documents helped first of all to trace how the Interior Ministry chose to manage their internment, and also to reveal how the Roma and Sinti lived in worse conditions than other internees. In spite of a significant presence of under-age individuals, the Interior Ministry chose to host them in mean lodgings without adequate food – which made their internment particularly miserable. Second, the study proved that Roma and Sinti individuals were interned without the basis of a preliminary definition of “Gypsy.” This made it possible for each prefect to apply the internment circulars according to any circumstance they had to hand. While the lack of a specific administrative category for “Gypsies” did not lessen their persecution, it led to a lower visibility even after the end of the war. Nor did their testimonies or memoirs, though published since the 1970s, raise any seminal interest in the academic world. This has left a blank in historiography that needs filling. |
| author |
Trevisan, Paola Chiquet, Olivier |
| spellingShingle |
Trevisan, Paola Chiquet, Olivier 3. Des camps d’internement pour les Zingari dans l’Italie fasciste (1940-1943) |
| author_facet |
Trevisan, Paola Chiquet, Olivier |
| author_sort |
Trevisan, Paola |
| title |
3. Des camps d’internement pour les Zingari dans l’Italie fasciste (1940-1943) |
| title_short |
3. Des camps d’internement pour les Zingari dans l’Italie fasciste (1940-1943) |
| title_full |
3. Des camps d’internement pour les Zingari dans l’Italie fasciste (1940-1943) |
| title_fullStr |
3. Des camps d’internement pour les Zingari dans l’Italie fasciste (1940-1943) |
| title_full_unstemmed |
3. Des camps d’internement pour les Zingari dans l’Italie fasciste (1940-1943) |
| title_sort |
3. des camps d’internement pour les zingari dans l’italie fasciste (1940-1943) |
| publishDate |
2023 |
| container_title |
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| container_issue |
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| url |
https://ezproxy.univ-orleans.fr/login?url=https://shs.cairn.info/revue-d-histoire-de-la-shoah-2023-1-page-81?lang=fr https://ezproxy.univ-orleans.fr/login?url=https://doi.org/10.3917/rhsho.217.0081 |
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