Medarbejdervisning: 2. Les cimetières juifs véronais sous le régime fasciste italien

2. Les cimetières juifs véronais sous le régime fasciste italien

The cemetery, known as Bet ha-hayyim (House of Life/the Living) or Bet ‘almin (House of Eternity), has always been a pillar of any Jewish community.In Verona, a northern Italian city founded by the Romans, the first documented Jewish cemetery was located far from the city’s center and Jewish neigh...

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Bibliografiske detaljer
Auteurs principaux:	Rainoldi, Valeria, Chiquet, Olivier
Format:	Article ou chapitre numérique
Sprog:	Français
Udgivet:	2022
Online adgang:	Accès Université d'Orléans et IFPM Accès Université d'Orléans et IFPM

id	cairn-RHSHO_215_0051
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spelling	cairn-RHSHO_215_0051RHSHORevue d’Histoire de la Shoah https://shs.cairn.info/revue-d-histoire-de-la-shoah-2022-1-page-51?lang=fr https://doi.org/10.3917/rhsho.215.0051 2. Les cimetières juifs véronais sous le régime fasciste italien Rainoldi, ValeriaChiquet, Olivier2022 fre Revue d’Histoire de la Shoah \| 215 \| 1 \| 2022-03-18 \| p. 51-71 \| 2111-885X RHSHO_21542 The cemetery, known as Bet ha-hayyim (House of Life/the Living) or Bet ‘almin (House of Eternity), has always been a pillar of any Jewish community.In Verona, a northern Italian city founded by the Romans, the first documented Jewish cemetery was located far from the city’s center and Jewish neighborhoods by the end of the 13th century. This site remained in use until the mid-18th century, when a second Jewish cemetery was created on the outskirts of the city by the Porta Nuova. During the next hundred years, this second cemetery continued to grow. In 1855, a third Jewish cemetery was built on the eastern side of town in the Borgo Venezia district and is still in use.On June 18, 1926, under the Fascist administration, the city of Verona decided to destroy the two historic Jewish cemeteries at Campo Marzio and Porta Nuova. During the deliberations, it was argued that no new tombs had been added for several centuries and that new buildings needed to be erected on the sites for town planning purposes. The destruction of the cemeteries was authorized by Article 115 of the Funeral Police Regulations of July 25, 1892, which established that the grounds of a cemetery had to be at least 600 feet from residential buildings. The cemeteries did not meet this criteria. To prevent this outcome, the Jewish community appealed to the Council of State, arguing that “Jewish tradition demanded that cemeteries must remain sacrosanct in perpetuity.” On June 15, 1928, the Council of State declared the appeal inadmissible due to a technicality. Specifically, the prefectural decree in the filing was described as “definitive” but could not legally be defined as such.In 1937, after multiple challenges, the Jewish cemetery in Porta Nuova was finally ceded to the municipality for a discounted price given the importance of the site’s intended construction project, Balilla House, a building that held symbolic significance for the fascist regime.In 1941, two offers were presented to the Jewish Community Council to purchase Porta Marzio cemetery, the oldest cemetery in Verona. Each buyer would pay for the exhumation of the remains, in accordance with Jewish rites, and for their transportation to the Borgo Venezia cemetery. Any stone slabs of historical and literary value that the rabbi had selected would also be preserved and transported to the new site. These offers were accepted. On November 26, 1947, Rabbi Nello Pavoncello attended the transportation of the historical graves to the cemetery of Borgo Venezia. In 1953, work began on the construction of an elementary school that was inaugurated before the end of 1955 and is still in operation.This research, conducted using archival documents, seeks to document the challenges faced by the city’s former Jewish cemeteries, which were erased and forgotten due to the actions of the fascist Italian regime.Cairn free access
language	Français
format	Article ou chapitre numérique
building	0/Bibliothèque numérique/ 1/Bibliothèque numérique/Cairn/
description	The cemetery, known as Bet ha-hayyim (House of Life/the Living) or Bet ‘almin (House of Eternity), has always been a pillar of any Jewish community.In Verona, a northern Italian city founded by the Romans, the first documented Jewish cemetery was located far from the city’s center and Jewish neighborhoods by the end of the 13th century. This site remained in use until the mid-18th century, when a second Jewish cemetery was created on the outskirts of the city by the Porta Nuova. During the next hundred years, this second cemetery continued to grow. In 1855, a third Jewish cemetery was built on the eastern side of town in the Borgo Venezia district and is still in use.On June 18, 1926, under the Fascist administration, the city of Verona decided to destroy the two historic Jewish cemeteries at Campo Marzio and Porta Nuova. During the deliberations, it was argued that no new tombs had been added for several centuries and that new buildings needed to be erected on the sites for town planning purposes. The destruction of the cemeteries was authorized by Article 115 of the Funeral Police Regulations of July 25, 1892, which established that the grounds of a cemetery had to be at least 600 feet from residential buildings. The cemeteries did not meet this criteria. To prevent this outcome, the Jewish community appealed to the Council of State, arguing that “Jewish tradition demanded that cemeteries must remain sacrosanct in perpetuity.” On June 15, 1928, the Council of State declared the appeal inadmissible due to a technicality. Specifically, the prefectural decree in the filing was described as “definitive” but could not legally be defined as such.In 1937, after multiple challenges, the Jewish cemetery in Porta Nuova was finally ceded to the municipality for a discounted price given the importance of the site’s intended construction project, Balilla House, a building that held symbolic significance for the fascist regime.In 1941, two offers were presented to the Jewish Community Council to purchase Porta Marzio cemetery, the oldest cemetery in Verona. Each buyer would pay for the exhumation of the remains, in accordance with Jewish rites, and for their transportation to the Borgo Venezia cemetery. Any stone slabs of historical and literary value that the rabbi had selected would also be preserved and transported to the new site. These offers were accepted. On November 26, 1947, Rabbi Nello Pavoncello attended the transportation of the historical graves to the cemetery of Borgo Venezia. In 1953, work began on the construction of an elementary school that was inaugurated before the end of 1955 and is still in operation.This research, conducted using archival documents, seeks to document the challenges faced by the city’s former Jewish cemeteries, which were erased and forgotten due to the actions of the fascist Italian regime.
author	Rainoldi, Valeria Chiquet, Olivier
spellingShingle	Rainoldi, Valeria Chiquet, Olivier 2. Les cimetières juifs véronais sous le régime fasciste italien
author_facet	Rainoldi, Valeria Chiquet, Olivier
author_sort	Rainoldi, Valeria
title	2. Les cimetières juifs véronais sous le régime fasciste italien
title_short	2. Les cimetières juifs véronais sous le régime fasciste italien
title_full	2. Les cimetières juifs véronais sous le régime fasciste italien
title_fullStr	2. Les cimetières juifs véronais sous le régime fasciste italien
title_full_unstemmed	2. Les cimetières juifs véronais sous le régime fasciste italien
title_sort	2. les cimetières juifs véronais sous le régime fasciste italien
publishDate	2022
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url	https://ezproxy.univ-orleans.fr/login?url=https://shs.cairn.info/revue-d-histoire-de-la-shoah-2022-1-page-51?lang=fr https://ezproxy.univ-orleans.fr/login?url=https://doi.org/10.3917/rhsho.215.0051
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2. Les cimetières juifs véronais sous le régime fasciste italien

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